Toshio Kuroda (?? ??, Kuroda Toshio, January 21, 1926 - January 26, 1993) was a Japanese academic, historian and university professor.
A specialist in medieval Japanese history and in the history of Japanese thought, he greatly influenced Japanese historiography with several innovative and controversial theories.
His ideas were the opposite of what mainstream academics at the time believed, and for this reason his name is often at the center of controversies.
His work has been called "seminal", "epochal" and "revolutionary".
Kuroda's analysis of religion and of its significance is Marxist.